Thursday, January 16, 2020

Algebra formela


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 A list of Algebraic formulas –
  • a2 – b2 = (a – b)(a + b)
  • (a+b)2 = a2 + 2ab + b2
  • a2 + b2 = (a + b)2 – 2ab
  • (a – b)2 = a2 – 2ab + b2
  • (a + b + c)2 = a2 + b2 + c2 + 2ab + 2bc + 2ca
  • (a – b – c)2 = a2 + b2 + c2 – 2ab + 2bc – 2ca
  • (a + b)3 = a3 + 3a2b + 3ab2 + b3 ; (a + b)3 = a3 + b3 + 3ab(a + b)
  • (a – b)3 = a3 – 3a2b + 3ab2 – b3
  • a3 – b3 = (a – b)(a2 + ab + b2)
  • a3 + b3 = (a + b)(a2 – ab + b2)
  • (a + b)3 = a3 + 3a2b + 3ab2 + b3
  • (a – b)3 = a3 – 3a2b + 3ab2 – b3
  • (a + b)4 = a4 + 4a3b + 6a2b2 + 4ab3 + b4)
  • (a – b)4 = a4 – 4a3b + 6a2b2 – 4ab3 + b4)
  • a4 – b4 = (a – b)(a + b)(a2 + b2)
  • a5 – b5 = (a – b)(a4 + a3b + a2b2+ ab3 + b4)
  • If n is a natural number an – bn= (a – b)(an-1 + an-2b+…+ bn-2a + bn-1)
  • If n is even (n = 2k), an + bn = (a + b)(an-1 – an-2b +…+ bn-2a – bn-1)
  • If n is odd (n = 2k + 1), an + bn = (a + b)(an-1 – an-2b +…- bn-2a + bn-1)
  • (a + b + c + …)2 = a2 + b2 + c2 + … + 2(ab + ac + bc + ….)
  • Laws of Exponents (am)(an) = am+n ; (ab)m = amb; (am)n = amn
  • Fractional Exponents a0 = 1 ; aman=amn ; am = 1am ; am1am
  • Roots of Quadratic Equation
    • For a quadratic equation ax2 + bx + c where a ≠ 0, the roots will be given by the equation as b±b24ac2a
    • Δ = b2 − 4ac is called the discrimination
    • For real and distinct roots, Δ > 0
    • For real and coincident roots, Δ = 0
    • For non-real roots, Δ < 0
    • If α and β are the two roots of the equation ax2 + bx + c then, α + β = (-b / a) and α × β = (c / a).
    • If the roots of a quadratic equation are α and β, the equation will be (x − α)(x − β) = 0
  • Factorials
    • n! = (1).(2).(3)…..(n − 1).n
    • n! = n(n − 1)! = n(n − 1)(n − 2)! = ….
    • 0! = 1
    • (a+b)n=an+nan1b+n(n1)2!an2b2+n(n1)(n2)3!an3b3+.+bn,where,n>1


Ex

Question 1: Find out the value of 52 – 32Solution:
Using the formula a2 – b2 = (a – b)(a + b)
where a = 5 and b = 3
(a – b)(a + b)= (5 – 3)(5 + 3)= 2 × 8= 16
Question 2: 
43 × 42 = ?
Solution:Using the exponential formula (am)(an) = am+nwhere a = 4
43 × 42= 43+2= 45= 1024

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